I. Mbiri ya Ntchito
Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyrate (HMTBa-Ca) ndi mchere wa calcium womwe umapezeka mu methionine hydroxy analogue (dzina la mankhwala: Calcium bis(2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyrate)). Sipereka mwachindunji kapangidwe ka amino komwe kali ndi nayitrogeni koma imapereka chigoba cha methionine carbon mu mawonekedwe a hydroxy analogue. Imasinthidwa m'thupi kuti ipange L-methionine yogwira ntchito m'thupi, yomwe imagwira ntchito popanga mapuloteni komanso njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira kagayidwe kachakudya.
Methionine ndi imodzi mwa ma amino acid oletsa kwambiri m'zakudya za ziweto ndi nkhuku, makamaka omwe amakhala ndi vuto losowa zakudya zochokera ku chimanga ndi soya. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira pazakudya za nyama za methionine, DL-methionine nthawi zambiri imawonjezeredwa muzakudya. Komabe, methionine hydroxy analogues ndi mchere wawo wa calcium pang'onopang'ono zikuyamba kutchuka ngati magwero atsopano a methionine. Poyerekeza ndi DL-methionine, HMTBa-Ca imapereka kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwambiri pakusunga michere panthawi yopaka chakudya komanso kukonza kutentha kwambiri.
Bungwe la European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) linachita kafukufuku wokhudza chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya HMTBa ndi mchere wake wa calcium, kutsimikizira chitetezo chake ngati chowonjezera cha chakudya cha mitundu yonse ya nyama. Sichisiya zotsalira m'thupi la nyama kapena zinthu ndipo sichimabweretsa zoopsa zazikulu zachilengedwe, zomwe zimapereka chithandizo chalamulo pakugwiritsa ntchito kwake pazakudya za nyama.
II. Zotsatira za Kugwiritsa Ntchito
Kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti HMTBa-Ca, monga gwero la methionine, imatha kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa ziweto komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zakudya. Mu nkhumba, nkhuku, ndi nyama zam'madzi, kuwonjezera HMTBa-Ca kungapangitse kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa chakudya tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchuluka kwa chakudya, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni pamene kumachepetsa kutulutsa nayitrogeni. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka pa zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa kapena amino acid opangidwa molondola.
Mu nkhuku, kuwonjezera HMTBa-Ca sikuti kumathandiza kokha kukulitsa ntchito yobereka komanso kumawonjezera mphamvu ya antioxidant, chitetezo chamthupi, komanso thanzi la m'mimba. Mu nkhuku zoyamwitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake koyenera kumathandiza kusunga ntchito yobereka ndikukweza ubwino wa mazira. Mu nyama za m'madzi, pamene kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ochokera ku zomera kumawonjezeka, kusowa kwa methionine kumaonekera kwambiri. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti HMTBa-Ca ikhoza kukhala gwero lothandiza lowonjezera, kukulitsa kukula kwa nkhuku komanso kuyika mapuloteni m'thupi.
Monga choyambitsa methionine, HMTBa-Ca imatha kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma amino acid ofunikira komanso kupanga mapuloteni m'thupi ndikuwonjezera kapangidwe ka thupi mwa kuwongolera njira zokhudzana ndi kagayidwe kachakudya. Ngakhale kuti mphamvu yake yonse yachilengedwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika kuposa ya DL-methionine, imasonyezabe kuti ndi yamtengo wapatali m'zinyama zosiyanasiyana. Pakugwiritsa ntchito moyenera, milingo yoyenera yowonjezera ikhoza kupangidwa mwanzeru pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosinthira.
III. Njira Yogwirira Ntchito
Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka HMTBa-Ca makamaka kamakhala ndi udindo wake monga methionine woyambitsa kagayidwe ka mkati. HMTBa-Ca imasinthidwa kukhala L-methionine m'mimba kudzera mu ma enzyme reactions ndi kagayidwe ka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pambuyo pake imatenga nawo mbali mu kapangidwe ka mapuloteni, kagayidwe ka mpweya umodzi, komanso kayendetsedwe ka machitidwe oletsa ma antioxidants (monga kupanga glutathione), zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusunga bwino amino acid ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino michere.
Poyerekeza ndi DL-methionine, njira zoyamwitsa ndi kagayidwe kachakudya ka HMTBa-Ca zimasiyana pang'ono. Kapangidwe kake ka hydroxy analogue kamapereka kukhazikika kwakukulu, makamaka kuwonetsa mawonekedwe ena a rumen bypass mu ruminants, zomwe zimathandiza kuwonjezera kupezeka kwa methionine m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono.
IV. Mitundu Yaikulu ya Zinyama
1. Nkhumba (Ana a Nkhumba Omwe Anasiya Kuyamwa, Nkhumba Zokulira ndi Kumaliza Kubereka)
Mu zakudya za nkhumba, methionine ndi imodzi mwa ma amino acid oletsa. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuwonjezera HMTBa-Ca muzakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa kapena amino acid okwanira kungathandize kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni, kulimbikitsa kuyika mapuloteni, komanso kuchepetsa kutulutsa nayitrogeni. Poyerekeza ndi DL-methionine yachikhalidwe, HMTBa-Ca imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za methionine pomwe ikukweza kugwiritsa ntchito bwino amino acid. Ndi yoyenera kwambiri pakulamulira zakudya panthawi yochepetsa kuyamwa komanso mwa nkhumba zomwe zili ndi nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri.
2. Nkhuku (Nkhuku za Broiler, Nkhuku Zoyikira Pakhomo, Obereketsa)
Mu zakudya za nkhuku, HMTBa-Ca imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo mwa DL-methionine kapena pang'ono. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kuwonjezera kwake kumatha kusintha kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nkhuku zomwe zimakula tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kusintha chakudya chawo komanso kukhudza mphamvu ya antioxidant, chitetezo chamthupi, komanso thanzi la m'mimba. Mu nkhuku zoyamwitsa, kuwonjezera HMTBa-Ca moyenera kumathandiza kusunga magwiridwe antchito a nkhuku zoyamwitsa, kukweza ubwino wa mazira, komanso kutenga nawo mbali pakulamulira kagayidwe ka mapuloteni ndi sulfure amino acid, komwe ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa nkhuku zomwe zimapanga kwambiri.
3. Nyama Zam'madzi (Nsomba, Nsomba za Crustacean)
Mu chakudya cha m'madzi, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ochokera ku zomera, kusowa kwa methionine kwakhala kofala kwambiri. Kafukufuku wambiri akusonyeza kuti HMTBa-Ca ikhoza kukhala gwero lothandiza la methionine m'zakudya za nsomba (monga nsomba za m'nyanja, nsomba za m'madzi), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukula kwake kukhale bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya, komanso kuyika mapuloteni m'thupi. Kukhazikika kwake komanso kusinthasintha kwake m'malo okhala m'madzi kumapangitsa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito bwino m'zakudya zopangidwa m'madzi.
4. Nyama zodyetsera (Ng'ombe za mkaka, Ng'ombe za ng'ombe, Nkhosa)
Mosiyana ndi zakudya zopanda nyama, methionine mu zakudya za nyama nthawi zambiri imachepetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a rumen, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yothandiza ya methionine ikhale yofunika kwambiri. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti methionine hydroxy analogues (kuphatikiza mchere wawo wa calcium) imakana kuwonongeka kwa rumen, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pang'ono kutha kwa rumen microbial fermentation ndikusintha kukhala methionine yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, motero kumawonjezera kupezeka kwa mapuloteni ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
V. Mapeto ndi Chiyembekezo
Mwachidule, HMTBa-Ca, monga gwero latsopano la zowonjezera za methionine, ikuwonetsa kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito bwino zakudya za nyama. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo ayenera kuyang'ana kwambiri njira zowonjezerera mphamvu yake yachilengedwe, kudziwa kuchuluka kolondola kwa zowonjezera za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama ndi magawo okulirapo, ndikufufuza zotsatira zake zogwirizana ndi zowonjezera zina zazakudya. Izi zithandizira kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito bwino komanso moyenera m'machitidwe amakono odyetsera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-03-2026
